fix(avatar): use sha256 and inline the federated avatar lookup (#38843)

- Hash emails with sha256. Gravatar moved to sha256, and both it and
libravatar.org serve the same image for either hash.
- Drop `strk.kbt.io/projects/go/libravatar` for a 46 line inline SRV
lookup. It could not bound or cancel its DNS query and panicked on an
unexpected resolver error. The replacement carries the request context
and a 3s timeout.
- Fix federated avatars querying DNS for every avatar on every render.
`loadAvatarSetting` compared a cache field that was never assigned, so
each call rebuilt the resolver and dropped its cache. That cache is
gone, both settings are read where they are used.
- Migration 348 recreates `email_hash` with a 64 char hash column and a
`hash_type` column, so a later algorithm change can tell old rows apart.
The MD5 rows are unreachable and their `UNIQUE` email index would reject
the SHA256 replacements.
- Fix a re-saved avatar form replacing an uploaded avatar with a random
one.
- Remove the `duoshuo` `GRAVATAR_SOURCE` alias, that service shut down
in 2017.
- Remove dead i18n key.

Fixes: https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/issues/34284
Fixes: https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/issues/28110
Docs: https://gitea.com/gitea/docs/pulls/499
Signed-off-by: silverwind <me@silverwind.io>

modules/avatar/avatar_test.go

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import (
 	"bytes"
 	"image"
 	"image/png"
+	"net"
 	"os"
 	"testing"
 
@@ -136,3 +137,9 @@ func BenchmarkRandomImage(b *testing.B) {
 		}
 	})
 }
+
+func TestSrvHost(t *testing.T) {
+	assert.Equal(t, "avatars.example.com", srvHost(&net.SRV{Target: "avatars.example.com.", Port: 443}, 443))
+	assert.Equal(t, "avatars.example.com:8443", srvHost(&net.SRV{Target: "avatars.example.com.", Port: 8443}, 443))
+	assert.Empty(t, srvHost(&net.SRV{Target: ".", Port: 443}, 443))
+}