Support SAML authentication (#25165)

Closes https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/issues/5512

This PR adds basic SAML support
- Adds SAML 2.0 as an auth source
- Adds SAML configuration documentation
- Adds integration test:
- Use bare-bones SAML IdP to test protocol flow and test account is
linked successfully (only runs on Postgres by default)
- Adds documentation for configuring and running SAML integration test
locally

Future PRs:
- Support group mapping
- Support auto-registration (account linking)

Co-Authored-By: @jackHay22

---------

Co-authored-by: jackHay22 <jack@allspice.io>
Co-authored-by: Lunny Xiao <xiaolunwen@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: KN4CK3R <admin@oldschoolhack.me>
Co-authored-by: wxiaoguang <wxiaoguang@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Jason Song <i@wolfogre.com>
Co-authored-by: morphelinho <morphelinho@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Zettat123 <zettat123@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Yarden Shoham <git@yardenshoham.com>
Co-authored-by: 6543 <6543@obermui.de>
Co-authored-by: silverwind <me@silverwind.io>

services/auth/source/saml/source_register.go

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+// Copyright 2023 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package saml
+
+// RegisterSource causes an OAuth2 configuration to be registered
+func (source *Source) RegisterSource() error {
+	samlRWMutex.Lock()
+	defer samlRWMutex.Unlock()
+	if err := source.initSAMLSp(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	providers[source.authSource.Name] = *source
+	return nil
+}
+
+// UnregisterSource causes an SAML configuration to be unregistered
+func (source *Source) UnregisterSource() error {
+	samlRWMutex.Lock()
+	defer samlRWMutex.Unlock()
+	delete(providers, source.authSource.Name)
+	return nil
+}